Bibliographic Citations
A bibliography or Works Cited page serves two purposes: to give the reader the opportunity to evaluate the quality of the sources used, and to allow the reader to investigate the subject further.
Bibliographies list, in alphabetical order by the author’s last name, the title of the work, the publisher, and the date of publication. If an encyclopedia or periodical is the source, the article itself is cited. In order to ensure consistency, special punctuation rules are used. Notice that the second line of an entry is indented 5 spaces.
Below you will find the format for proper source citation in the Sidwell Friends Middle School.
Noodlebib
Books
Format:
Author. Title. Place of Publication (first city): Publisher, Copyright Date.
Examples:
- Yolen, Jane. The Encounter. San Diego: Harcourt,
1996.
- Fradin, Dennis. Explorers. Chicago: Children’s,
1984.
Anonymous Work (no author)
Same as single author books except without an author name.
Example:
-
The Kids’ Book of the 50 Great States. New York:
Scholastic. 1998.
Encyclopedia
Format:
Author of the Article. (if one, look at the end of the article) “Title of the Article.”
-
Complete Title of the Encyclopedia. Copyright Date
(edition).
Examples:
- Gibson, Charles. ” Cortes, Hernando.” The World
Book Encyclopedia. 1997 ed.
- “Columbus, Christopher”. The New Book of
Knowledge. 1999 ed.
Magazine / Newspaper
Format:
Author of the Article. “Title of the Article.” Name of the
Magazine. Date of the Magazine (month, year): Page(s)
used.
Examples:
- Karlgaard, Rich. “Post-Bubble Rules.” Forbes. March
2001: 51.
- Outing, Steve. “ePublishing.” Writer’s Digest. March
2001: 46–47.
Back to top
Online Magazine Source (SIRS, ProQuest)
Format:
Author. “Article Title.” Original Source of Article. Date of
original source: page numbers. Name of Database
Used. Online Date of Access <URL of service’s
homepage>.
Example:
- Maddren, Gerry. “Against All Odds.” Cricket
Magazine. Feb 1998: 21-23. SIRS Discoverer.
Online 10 Nov. 2001 <http://www.sirs.com>
Online Web Source
Format:
Author of the Article. (if there is one) “Title of the Article.”
Date of the Article. (if there is one) <Web address> Date
Retrieved.
Examples:
- Miller, Chris. “Black Holes and Neutron Stars.”
http://www.eclipse.net/cmmiller/BH/blkmain.html
12 Feb. 2000.
- “Constellations.”
http://www.geocites.com/CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/1364/Constellations/html/
10 Feb. 2000.
Online Reference Source
Format:
Author of the Article. “Title of the Article.” Date of the
Article. Title of the Reference Source. Online. (This
word with a period after it) Publisher. Date Retrieved.
Examples:
- “The Renaissance.” 2000. Compton’s Encyclopedia
version 4.0. Online. Learning. 25 Mar. 2000.
- Zeichner, Oscar. “Miles Standish.” Grolier Multimedia
Encyclopedia. Online. Grolier. 14 Feb. 2000.
Back to top
CD-ROM
Format:
- Author of the Article. (if there is one) “Title of the
Article.” Title of the CD-ROM Program. The “word”
CD-ROM. Place of publication: Publisher,
Copyright Date.
Examples:
- McClintock, Jeffrey E. “Black Hole.” World Book
Multimedia Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. Chicago:
World Book. 1999.
- “Arizona.” Microsoft Encarta. CD-ROM. Redmond:
Microsoft, 1999
Interview Citations
Research Interview
Creating Your Citation
1. Person you are interviewing (Last Name, First Name).
___________________ , ______________________ .
2. Kind of Interview (circle one): Telephone, E-mail, Personal Interview.
3. Date of Interview: ________________.
Now you are ready to write it up.
Examples:
Reese, Helen E. Telephone interview. 22 Mar 2005.
Duncan, Marie. E-mail interview. 07-10 May 2005.
Picture Citations
Creating Your Citation
(Photographs, Drawings, Charts, Graphs, & Other Graphics)
Before using a picture that you have not created yourself in a paper or presentation, be sure to gather the following information about it.
Pictures from a Web Site
Be sure pictures have clear copyright before using them.
“Title of Picture.” ______________________________________.
Publication Date. ______________________.
In: Title of Web Site. ________________________________________.
Date you found the information. _____________.
<URL> _________________________________________________.
Now write it up. (Remember that second line is indented 5 spaces).
Examples:
Heffington, Phil. “Shenandoah River.” 1998. In: Hiking the
Appalachian Trail. 14 November 2005.
<http://www.oc.edu/staff/phil.heffington/>.
“Chicken Pox.” 16 May 2002. In: The Children’s Hospital
at Westmead. 11 March 2004.
<http://chw.edu.au/parents/factsheets/chicpoxj.html>.
Moster, Frank. In: Frank Moster: Nature Photography. 11
March 2004.
<http://frankmoser.com/photos/spiderwort.jpg>
Pictures from Online Databases
Before printing or saving a picture, be sure to gather up the following facts.
Photographer or Artist (Last Name, First Name) if there is one.
_______________, ________________.
“Title or caption of picture of drawing (in quotations).” ______________________________________.
Photograph (or cartoon, etc.)
Publication Date. _________________ .
Title of Database (SIRS, Proquest, BrainPOP, History Study Center, Grolier Online).
SFS Middle School Library.
Day you found information (day, month, year) __________________________________
URL <sirs.com> or <proquest.umi.com> or <sirs.com>, etc.
Example:
Blashill, Pat, and Anthony DeCurtis. “The Pretenders.”
Photograph. Rolling Stone. 11 Dec 2003. ProQuest.
SFS Middle School Library. 11 March 2004.
<proquest.umi.com>.
Pictures from an Online Encyclopedia
Before printing or saving picture, be sure to gather up the following facts.
Photographer or Artist. (Last Name, First Name.)
_______________, ________________.
Title or Caption of picture or drawing (Underlined). ____________________________.
Date of creation of artwork. _________________ .
“Title of Article”(In quotations) ___________________________________________.
Name of Encyclopedia (Underlined). _________________________________________.
Name of Package that Encyclopedia comes with, if there is one. _______________________________________________________________________.
Institution that owns license to the Encyclopedia (SFS MS Library, etc.) _______________________________________________________.
Date you found the picture (day, month, year) _____________________.
URL < ______________________________________________________>.
NOTE: Name of artist and date of creation may not be shown. Cite the information if it is there, otherwise, skip it when doing the citation.
Now write it up. Remember to indent second line (and third, if necessary) 5 spaces.
Examples:
Bettman/Corbis. William Penn. “Penn, William.” Compton’s
by Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online School
Edition. SFS MS Library. 24 May 2005
<http://new.school.eb.com>.
Oliver, Isaac. Philip Sidney. “Philip Sidney.” Encyclopedia
Americana. Grolier Online. SFS MS Library. 19 January
2005. <go.grolier.com>.
Pictures from a Book or Magazine (when scanned or photocopied for use)
Book of Photographs or Drawings:
Photographer or Artist (Last Name, First Name)
_______________, ________________.
“Title of picture (in quotations).” ______________________________________.
Title of Book (Underlined). ____________________________.
City (first city listed) _______________________ :
Publisher_____________________________,
Copyright Date (newest one) _______________ .
A Photograph or Drawing in a Book
Photographer or Artist (Last Name, First Name)
_______________, ________________.
Title or Caption of Picture ___________________________________ .
Author of Book. __________________________________.
“Title of Article if in Reference Book.” ______________________________________ .
Title of Book (underlined) _________________________________________.
City ________ :
Publisher_________________ ,
Page Number __________.
Copyright Date (newest one) _______________ .
A Photograph or Drawing in a Magazine
Photographer or Artist. (Last Name, First Name) if there is one. ______________, _______________.
“Title or Captions of Picture” ___________________________________ .
Title of Magazine (underlined) __________________________________ .
Issue Date (Day Month Year). _________________________________________.
Page Number _________ .
Examples:
”’03 Mazda RX-8.” Motor Trend. Jan. 2002:33. (magazine)
Lanker, Brian. “Clara McBride Hale.” Dream a World:
Portaits of Black Women Who Changed America. New
York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang, 1989. (book of
photographs)
Ross, Alex. “Once Again, I was Mystified..” in Alex Ross
Wonder Woman: Spirit of Truth. New York: DC Comics,
2001. N.pag. (picture from a book)
Back to top